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![The [cité des papes], 阿维尼翁, 沃克吕兹, 普洛旺斯－阿尔卑斯－蓝色海岸](./admin/photos/129.jpg "The [cité des papes], 阿维尼翁, 沃克吕兹, 普洛旺斯－阿尔卑斯－蓝色海岸")
The [cité des papes], 阿维尼翁, 沃克吕兹, 普洛旺斯－阿尔卑斯－蓝色海岸 (用户名: Christophe) |
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阿维尼翁 :阿维尼翁（法语：Avignon）是位於法國南部，隆河左岸的一座城市。在克里门特五世到1378年之間的時期，天主教教廷從羅馬遷移至此，並受國王控制。後來更出現兩地各立教宗的情形 (史稱「大分裂」)。
* Notre Dame des Doms, the cathedral, is a Romanesque building, mainly of the 12th century, the most prominent feature of which is the gilded statue of the Virgin which surmounts the western tower. Among the many works of art in the interior, the most beautiful is the mausoleum of Pope John XXII, a masterpiece of Gothic carving of the 14th century.
* The cathedral is almost dwarfed by the Palais des Papes, the palace of the popes, an impressive monument on a square of the same name. Begun in 1316 by John XXII and continued by succeeding popes until 1370, it is in the Gothic style; in its construction everything has been sacrificed to strength, and though the effect is imposing, the place has the aspect rather of a fortress than of a palace - it is only when you visit some of the interior rooms with their frescoes or impressive sense of space that you can get a sense of the cultural richness of the papal court. It was for long used as a barracks and prison, to the exigencies of which the fine apartments were ruthlessly adapted, but it is now municipal property.
* Among the minor churches of the town are St Pierre, which has a graceful facade and richly carved doors, St Didier and St Agricol, all three of Gothic architecture. The most notable of the civil buildings are the Hôtel de Ville (city hall), a modern building with a belfry of the 14th century, and the old Hôtel des Monnaies, the papal mint which was built in 1610 and became a music-school.
* Avignon is still encircled by the ramparts built by its popes in the 14th century, one of the finest examples of medieval fortification in existence. The walls of great strength are surmounted by machicolated sattlements, flanked at intervals by thirty-nine massive towers and pierced by several gateways, three of which date from the 14th century. The walls were restored under the direction of Eugène Viollet-le-Duc
* A bridge leads over the river to Villeneuve-les-Avignon, and a little higher up, a picturesque ruined bridge of the 12th century, the Pont Saint-Bénézet, projects into the river.
* The Calvet Museum, so named after F. Calvet, physician, who in 1810 left his collections to the town, is rich in inscriptions, bronzes, glass and other antiquities and in sculptures and paintings. The library has over 140,000 volumes. The town has a statue of a Persian, Jean Althen, who in 1765 introduced the culture of the madder plant, which long formed the staple and is still an important branch of local trade.
* Pont d'Avignon (Pont St-Bénézet, see below) Only four of the eighteen piles are left; on one of them stands the small Romanesque chapel of Saint-Bénézet. But the bridge is best known for the famous French song 'sur le pont d'Avignon'.
* The Musée Carnavalet, in the Petit Palais at the end of the square overlooked by the Palais des Papes, boists an exceptional collection of Renaissance paintings of the Avignon school as well as from Italy.
* Collection Lambert with contemporary art exhibitions
* Musée Angladon which exhibits the paintings of a private collector who created the museaum
* Musée lapidaire
* Musée Louis-Vouland
* Musée Requien
* Palais du Roure
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